Level of Services Provided by a CPA – The Differences Between Compilations, Reviews, and Audits

January 29, 2013, 9:42 am

There are three different levels of services you could obtain from a certified public accountant.  These are referred to as compilation, review, and audit.

Financial statements are presented on the basis of some set of accounting rules. This is referred to as the financial reporting framework.

The vast majority of the time, this would be a large body of knowledge that is called generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP. Imperfect in implementation though it may be, the concept is that similar transactions will be recorded by all organizations in the same way. In addition, financial statements of similar organizations will actually look similar.

If there is some unique reason to do so, the financial statements could be presented on another basis of accounting.

Compilation

Read the rest of this entry »


Evaluating a used car as an illustration of the differences between compilation, review, and audit

May 10, 2012, 6:47 am

You could figure out how good a car is by looking at it from across the street. 

Or you could look inside & drive it around the block. 

Or you could take the car to your mechanic for a couple of hours to get it really checked out .

We can use that as an analogy of the differences between a compilation, a review, and an audit.

Read the rest of this entry »


Filling up a bucket – word picture for levels of assurance in audit, review, and compilation

September 10, 2011, 9:16 am

     

(cross-post from my other blog, Attestation Update.)

In a webcast on August 31, 2011, Mr. Michael Glynn, CPA, of the AICPA staff, gave a wonderful word picture of the levels of assurance in a review and audit.  Here’s his idea:  Filling up a bucket with procedures produces different levels of assurance.  I would like to expand Mr. Glynn’s description and provide an illustration.

  • In an audit, the accountant obtains provides reasonable assurance that there are no material errors in the financial statements.
  • In a review, the accountant obtains provides limited assurance that there are no material errors in the financial statements.
  • In a compilation,the accountant does not obtain provide any assurance that there are no material errors in the financial statements.

Notice the similarity and difference?  The overlap between these definitions is how much assurance the accountant obtains for himself or herself provides that there are no material errors in the financial statements.

The differences? Read the rest of this entry »


One sentence explanation of the difference between an audit and a review

January 14, 2011, 7:24 am

I have discussed the differences between audits, reviews, and compilations here and here. Even developed a visual illustration here.  Ask any CPA and you can get a long explanation of the distinctions.

For something shorter, consult this article by Angus Loten in the Wall Street Journal, which said:

Read the rest of this entry »


Visual description of the difference between audits, reviews, and compilations

October 11, 2010, 9:46 am

Here is a visual picture that illustrates the different comfort levels someone can draw from financial statements that have been audited, reviewed, or compiled by a CPA.

Here is a picture of assurance levels from reports issues by CPAs.

Read the rest of this entry »


What comfort level is there from an audit, review or compilation report?

October 11, 2010, 9:34 am

This is an explanation of the visual picture I drew in the previous post.  I will try to explain the differences between audits, reviews, and compilations with a minimal amount of the technical words we CPAs usually bring to an issue.  Read the rest of this entry »


Follow

Get every new post delivered to your Inbox.

Join 34 other followers